Chicken-brooder stove



March 4, 1930. MADDALENA 1,749,710

CHICKEN BROODER STOVE Filed May 1, 1929 INVENTOR lou/J filAomz N4 Patented Mar. 4, 1930 LOUIS MADDALENA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GHICKEN-BROODER STOVE Application filed May 1, 1929. Serial No. 359,505.

My invention relates to a brooder stove for breeding chicks and the like having an automatic heat control and oil feed.

Automatic brooderstoves have heretofore not found much favor with chicken breeders due to the fact that they fill the chicken coop or house with smoke and fumes, thus providing a very unhealthful atmosphere for the chicks and the like. The so-call'ed automatic brooder stoves heretofore employed require a great deal of attention. in order to provide the proper temperatures in the chicken house, they do not provide an even heat, are expensive to maintain and operate, and do not produce the beneficial results they should.

It is an object of my invention to provide a brooder stove for chicks and the like'which will obviate all the disadvantages of the brooder stoves heretofore used.

Another object of the invention is to provide a brooder stove which will never discharge any smoke or fumes in the chicken house, will not produce any odors of any kind, and will be relatively inexpensive to maintain and operate. I

, 'A further object is to provide a brooder 1 stove which will heat the chicken house and also create a warmer region around the stove for the chicks. v 3

Still a further object is to provide a brooder stove which will be entirely automatic in its regulation of the temperature and supply of fuel to the stove burner, and which can be very easily dismantled or set up.

These and further objects and advantages will appear from a consideration of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings in which:

' Fig. l is a vertical cross section, partly in elevation of the completely assembled brooder stove;

- Fig. 2' is a front elevation of the lower portion of the brooder stove; i

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the burner taken along the line III-III of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a front elevation partly in section of the oil supply tank from which the fuel oil is supplied to the burner. Referring now to the accompanying draw- :ingsy10. designates the'burner comprising ing the nut 31 up or down on the threaded standards or legs 11 supporting a circular base plate 12 provided with ridges 13 and a central opening 14.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, ridges 13 support two open-ended cylinder-s15 and 16, cylinder 15 being slightly longer than cylinder 16 and both being preferably made of sheet metal or the like. Ridges 13 also support four perforated blocks 17, preferably made of fire brick or similar substance, arranged concentrically around perforated cylindrical block 18 which is also made of fire brick or the like. Block 18 is provided with a central opening to correspond with opening 14 in the base plate 12, as is shown more clearly by Fig. 1. It will be evident that other means may alsobe employed for supporting in position cylinders 15 and 16 and blocks 17 and 18.

Supported on cylinder 15 and also on suitable supports 19 is an inverted frusto-conical cylinder 20 of sheet metal or the like provided with a lower flange 21 adapted to fit inside cylinder 15 as shown in Figure 1, and an upper flange 22. Above cylinder 20 is 15 placed a frusto-conical cylinder 23 also of sheet metal or the like provided with a lower flange 24 which is adapted to fit around flange 22 on the outside thereof. Cylinder 23 is also provided with an upper flange 25 which so supports a chimney 26 by fitting tightly inside the lower flange 27 of the chimney.

Securely fixed by suitable means in the upper end of cylinder 23 is across-bar 28 to which is secured the lower end of a bolt 29, to the upper end of which is slidably attached a damper 30 by means of nut 31 and expansion spring 32, the spring 32 being confined between cross-bar 28 and damper 30. By screwupper end of bolt 29, a greater or less aperture is provided between the upper end of cylinder 23 and the damper 30, said upper end serving as a seat for damper 30. In this manner the draft on the burner 10 may be regulated very easily. A door 63 is provided in thechimney 26 above the damper so that access to the latter may be readily had.

Through cylinders 15 and 16 and resting on matter or sediment in the oil will settle, and

shown in Figure 4, projects against the botin which is located the filling openingnormally closed by stopper 38. Said neck 35 is also formed with an opening 39, the upper end of which is formed into a valve seat. Very loosely supported in said opening 39 is valve rod 40 provided at its upper end with. a valve 41. adapted to fit in said valve seat andseal same. The lower end of valve rod 40 when the supply tank 33 is assembled as item of cylinder 64 and thus raises thevalve 41;from its seat so that oil may flow, through the opening 39 around valve rod 40and into cylinder 64, from which it-flows to the burner 10 through pipe 62. Around said valve 41 and its seat is-preferably placed a filter 42 to'prevent any sediment orforeign matter from flowing through pipe 62. A spring/43 is placed around rod 40 and bears. against a projectionon said rod and against the bottom of the neck 35 of the reservoir, as may be seen in Fig. 4.

Nhenever the reservoir 36. is empty,-it is lifted out of cylinder 64, righted andthe stopper 38 removed, and the reservoir is then vent any escape of oil.

then be. unseated by reason of the Contact of :thevalve rod40 with the bottom of cylinder .64, thuspermitting a flow offuel oil tol'the 1 temperature in the; room. and thdflow. of oil completely refilled with fuel oil. The stopper 38 is then reinserted and the reservoir inverted. When the reservoir is'removed from cylinder 64, the spring 43 will act on valve rod 40 so as to seat the valve 41 and thus pre- After the reservoir has been thus inverted, it is again placed in cylinder 64, the. neck 35 of the reservoir fitting in cylinder 64so .as to prevent any leakage, and the valve 41 will burner 10.

As :willibe readily understood, alittle oil will: flow by reason of gravity to the'bu'rner and collect on the base plate 12, and-this oil maybe ignited through the :door44 provided in. the burner.

There will beno chance of the oil from the .tank 33. overflooding the burner 10 because the pressure on the oil' in the tank will be less than atmospheric.

In order to regulate automatically the to. the burner, the vfollowing construction is preferably employed.

Supported. on cylinderQOby means of Z irons 45 or other suitablesupports is an inverted frusto-conical cylinder 46 of sheet metal or the like and'provided with a bottom but no top, the preferred shape of cylinder 46 and the manner in which it rests on cylinder 20 being clearly shown in Figure 1.

Cylinder 46 is provided at its upper end with a flange 47, inside of which fits lower flange 48 of frusto-conical cylinder 49 also of sheet metal or the like, the latter cylinder being provided with a top but with no bottom and its preferred form being illustrated clearly in Figure 1.

Secured to the bottom of cylinder 46 and passing therethrough is a pipe 50 which eX- tends down through the central opening of cylindrical block 18 and opening 14fof the base plate 12 to below the burner. In this manner fresh air from the chicken house is V 7 passed directly to the chamber formed by cyl inders 46 and49 without anychance of it becoming contaminated with smoke or fumes from the burning fuel oil.

' It will be noted that pipe 50 does not fill completely the central opening of block 18" nor the opening 14, and in this'way a proper combustion of the fuel oil is assured, the necessary air passing around pipe 50 and through the perforations in the perforated block 18 and then through the perforations;

I in i the blocks I 17.

Cylinder 49 is providedwith an opening 51 surrounded by a flange 52 around which is fitted a sheet metal pipe 53 that projects through andabove cylinder 23.

A bracket arm 54 is affixed to the pipe 53 and to its upper end 55 is pivotally secured a lever 56 which carries a slidably adjustable weight 57. Lever 56 carries atone of its ends a lid or cover 58 which is adapted to fit over theopen top of pipe 53. Lever 56'is also pivotallyconnected at 59 with lever 60 which in turn is pivotally connected at with lever 71. Lever 71 is connected to the operating memberof valve 72 located in .pipe 62, so that:

any raising orlowering of lid or cover 58 will close or open said valve 7 2 and thus regulate the flow of fuel oil through the pipe 62.

A frusto-conical umbrellaor hover73 is fitted-around the upper end of cylinder 23 and extends outwardly and downwardly almost to the burner 10, a suitable opening being provided therein for the pipe 53. i The operation of the stove isas follows:

when valve 34 is opened and the oil on the base plate 12 is ignited through door'44, the flames fromfthe burning oil, illustrated by the solid line arrows in Figure l,passupwardly around the chamber formed'by' cylinders 46 and 49 and. heat the air in said chamber. By reasonvofthe overlapping of flange 47 of cylinder 46 oniflange48 of cylinder 49,'no

smoke or fumeswill get into the chamber .7

formed by cylinders 46 and 49.. The flames also heat the airbelow the hover 7 3, some of which escapes from under the hover to heat the entire chicken house. There will be, however, a warmer region directly under the hover, and in this region will congregate small chicks who have need of more warmth than the larger chickens. Cylinder 16 prevents any flames from heating cylinder 15 directly and thus there will be no chance of the checksburning themselves if they ever come in contact with cylinder 15.

The flames pass upwardly in the chamber formed between cylinders 46549 and 20-23, and the smoke, gases and fumes therefrom escape through the chimney 26 which opens into the atmosphere above the roof of the chicken house.

It is a well known phenomenon of physics that heated air expands and due to this fact, the air in the chamber formed by cylinders a6 and 49 will raise the cover 58 from pipe 53 when the air in said chamber is heated sufficiently. The temperature at which this lifting of the cover 58 will take place can be controlled by moving the slidable weight 57 to the left or to the right, according to whether a higher or lower temperature in the chicken house is desired, the temperature in the chicken house varying with the temperature in the air chamber formed by cylinders i6 and 49. When the cover 58 is raised it decreases the supply of oil to the burner through levers 56, 60 and 71, as has been previously ex lained. The heated air escaping through pipe 53 also serves to heat the chicken house.

hen the temperature in the said chamber and in the chicken house has fallen sufficiently, the cover 58, will drop on the pipe 53 and thus open wider the valve 72.

It has been found in practice that the chicken brooder stove described above will maintain automatically a temperature of 90 F. under the hover and a temperature of 60 F. in the rest of the chicken house, practically ideal temperatures for the raising of chicks and chickens.

It will be seen that I have provided a chicken brooder stove which is relatively inexpensive to construct, maintain and operate, which is practically automatic in its regulation of the temperature under the hover and in the chicken house, is odorless and prevents any smoke or fumes from escaping into the chicken house, and which may be very easily set up and dismantled.

I do not wish to be limited to the specific construction shown in the drawings as changes may be made therein without depart ing from the spirit of the invention. The drawings and description are to be considered as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting it, as the scope of the invention is to be ascertained by reference to the appended claims.

I claim 2-- 1. A chicken brooder stove comprising in combination a burner, 21 fuel supply line for said burner, an air chamber above the burner, a second chamber surrounding said air chamber and communicating with the burner and the atmosphere so as to permit the escape of smoke and the like from the burner, and means operated by the expansion of the air in the air chamber tocontrol the supply of fuel to the burner.

2. A chicken brooder stove comprising in combination a burner, a fuel supply line for said burner an air chamber above the burner, a second chamber surrounding said air chamber and communicating with the burner and the atmosphere so as to permit the escape of smoke and the like from the burner, and means for controlling the supply of fuel to the burner consisting of an outlet from said air chamber, a cover for sealing said outlet, a valve in said fuel supply line, and a system of levers connecting said valve with said cover so that movement of said cover will operate said valve.

air in the first mentioned hollow cylinder to control the supply of fuel to the burner.

4. A chicken'brooder stove comprising in combinationa burner, a fuel supply line for said burner, a hollow cylinder above said burner and forming an air chamber, a second hollow cylinder above said burner and surrounding the first mentioned cylinder in spaced relation thereto, the second mentioned cylinder communicating with the burner and the atmosphere and thus permitting the escape of smoke and the like from the burner, a hover secured around the second mentioned cylinder and extending outwardly and downwardly almost to the burner, and means operated by the expansion of the air in the first mentioned cylinder to control the supply of fuel to the burner.

5. A chicken brooder stove comprising in combination a burner, a fuel supply line for said burner, a hollow cylinder above said burner and forming an air chamber, means for permit-ting the influx of fresh air to said cylinder, asecond hollow cylinder above said burner and surrounding the first-mentioned cylinder but spaced therefrom so as to provide a chamber around the first chamber, the second cylinder communicating at the bottom thereof with the burner and at the top thereof with the atmosphere so as to permit the escape therethrough of the smoke and the like from the burner, and means operated by Y the expansion of the air in the first-mentioned hollow cylinder to control the supply of fuel to the burner. r

6, A chicken brooder stove comprising in combination a burner, a fuel supply line for the burner, an inverted frusto-conical cylinder above the burner having a bottom but no top, a frusto-conical cylinder having a top but no bottom above the first cylinder, its lower end fitting inside the upper end of the first cylinder and thus forming a chamber, an inverted frusto-conical cylinder communicatingwith the burner and surrounding the first-mentioned cylinder but spaced therefrom, a frusto-conical cylinder surrounding the second-mentioned cylinder but spaced therefrom, its lower end fitting around the upper end of the last mentioned cylinder andits upper end communicating with the atmosphere, means for permitting V the influx of fresh air to the chamber formed by the two cylinders first mentioned, and means operated by'the expansion of the air in the said chamber to control the supply of fuel to the burner.

7 A chicken brooder stove comprising in combination a burner, a fuel supply line for the burner, an inverted frusto-conical cylinder above the burner having a bottom but no top, a frusto-conical cylinder having a top but no bottom above the first cylinder, its lower end fitting inside the upper end of the first cylinder and thus forming a chamber,

an inverted frusto-conical cylinder communicating with the burner and surrounding the first 'mentioned cylinder but spaced therefrom, a frusto-conical cylinder surrounding the second mentioned cylinder but spaced therefrom, its lower end fitting around the center with an opening, a hollow cylindrical 7 around said opening therein, a seriesof perforated fire blocks secured on the base-plate around the cylindrical fire block,-a metal cyl-- .inder secured tothe base plate and surround ing the series'offire blocksbut spaced there-' from, a longer metal cylinder surrounding the last mentioned metal cylinder and spaced therefrom, the longer'metal cylinder-fitting around; the opening in the bottom of the second mentioned cylinder, a fuel supply line for furnishing fuelto the burner, and means op- ,erated'by the expansion ofthe'airin the said @air chamber to control the supply of'fuel to the burner.

perforated fire block secured on the base plate i LOUIS M DDALENA."

upper end of the last mentioned cylinder and its-upper end communicating with the at-' mosphere, means for permitting the influx of fresh air to the chamber formed by the two cylindersfirst mentioned, and means oper ated by the expansion of the air in the said chamber to control the supplyof fuel to the burner, consisting of an outlet for said chamber, a cover for sealing said outlet, a valve in the fuel supply line, and a systemof levers connecting the valve with the cover so that movement of said cover will operate said valve. e

8. A chicken'brooder stove comprising in combination a hollow cylinder forming an air chamber, means for permitting the influx of fresh air to said chamber, a second cylinder surrounding the first cylinder but spaced therefrom so as to provide a chamber around V at its top with the atmosphere, a burner below said cylinders and communicating'with the opening in the bottom of the second cylinder and cqnsist ngo a se p a pr vid dp t its r 

